This census also recorded Pakistan's first Hindu-majority district, called Umerkot District, where Muslims were previously the majority. Use Ask Statista Research Service, COVID-19 deaths worldwide as of March 28, 2023, by country and territory, COVID-19 cases worldwide as of March 28, 2023, by country or territory, Coronavirus (COVID-19) cases, recoveries, and deaths worldwide as of Mar. 4849, 2001. It has a 1530% advantage in yield over modern inbred rice varieties [35] but does not frequently exhibit higher yield potential [3, 611]. It is generally accepted that the founding population size of Homo sapiens was small, with effective population estimates ranging downward from 10,000 to 1,9002,800 and 1,000 to 700 (14).With such limited total numbers and population dispersal caused by a huntergatherer existence, a substantial level of inbreeding Hindko () is a cover term for a diverse group of Lahnda dialects spoken in several discontinuous areas in northwestern Pakistan, primarily in the provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab. Occasional papers, second series, No.4, London, Galton Institute, 1992. N1 7GU, Copyright 2017 2021 | AltNewsMedia Ltd | All rights reserved. 2. Dis. This situation was aggravated by the rising temperature in delayed plantings. Of course, there are some notable issues with the reliability of the new studys numbers as well. 112, no. Thereafter, the reduction of LAI is greater in inbred than that of hybrids (Figure 1). That means dry matter accumulation in the studied hybrid varieties before heading was highly thermosensitivity. Whereas, some investigators mentioned that the hybrid has the lower single-leaf photosynthetic rate throughout the whole growth period and greater LAI contributes to the heterosis in biomass production and grain yield [3, 29, 30]. Med. Rainfall is scanty or absent in early dry season (December-January). 19, no. Health Trends, 1 989;2 1:79-84. 19. [4], The demographic history of Pakistan from the ancient Indus Valley civilisation to the modern era includes the arrival and settlement of many cultures and ethnic groups in the modern region of Pakistan from Eurasia and the nearby Middle East. In Pakistan, close to 70% of the population is inbred, In England, half of Pakistani immigrants are married to first cousins, Between 50% and 60% in Iraq, the UAE and Qatar, Danish Psychologist Nicolai Sennels estimates that half of all muslims in the world are inbred, causing potentially irreversible damage to the gene pool. The 2017 census recorded a population of 207,684,626 living in Pakistan's four provinces and the Islamabad Capital Territory. [78], Saraiki is the language of about 26 million people in Pakistan, ranging across southern Punjab, southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and border regions of northern Sindh and eastern Balochistan.[81]. The inbreeding coefficient for Holsteins is currently around 8 percent, meaning an average calf gets identical copies of 8 percent of its genes from its mother and its father. All city population figures below include adjacent cantonments. As a consequence, yield of hybrid varieties decreased rapidly compared to the inbred under delayed planting. Forty percent (1530 out of 3820) of related parents had congenital nalfonnations in their children (Figure 2) The overall prevalence of congenital malformations in children of related parents was 40% (1530 out of 3820) and in non-related parents 26% (305 out of 1180) (p=<0.01). J. Pak. [14], Surveys taken by the Pakistani government or intergovernmental organisations are seen as the most reliable method of keeping tabs on birth, death, fertility, and infant mortality rates in a country without a reliable vital registration system. 12. Properties of the top soil (015cm.) Vertical bars represent standard error (, Source-sink relation and postheading crop growth rate of hybrid and inbred rice varieties at different dates of planting in dryseasons, 2008-200. Other factors such as outliers and founders will The Heera2 and BRRI hybrid dhan2 showed considerable decrease in flag leaf photosynthetic rate 9 days after flowering in the 5 February planting. 13931400, 2007. Populations pertaining to the modern borders of provinces are shown. Therefore, 2020 marks the lowest fertility rate during the observed period. The first and biggest victims of Islam are muslims. To measure the effect of relationship on breeding, the term coefficient of inbreeding is used. In addition to finding such a high number of cases of extreme inbreeding, the researchers found that such cases had a wide range of negative health impacts on people in terms of physical, mental, and reproductive issues. 6, pp. The extent to which our estimate reflects the true prevalence of [extreme inbreeding] in the entire UK population is a difficult question, said Yengo. Related Topics . Perinatal Epidemiol., 1991 ;5:10l .114. [92][93][94] Majority of the Muslims practice Sunni with a significant minority of Shi'as. Children born with disorders and lower IQs did nothing to deserve such a fate, nor did the victims of a schizophrenic terrorist. This may be due to intrinsic genotypic characters or the well adaptability of the inbred BRRI dhan45 to the environment. WebFor context, some statistics: In Pakistan, close to 70% of the population is inbred In England, half of Pakistani immigrants are married to first cousins In Denmark, around 40% are inbred. 1118, 1981 (Chinese). window.mc4wp.listeners.push( However, relatively high temperature impaired slow rate of remobilization and transportation of assimilates ultimately causes rapid reduction of the percentage of filled grain in the hybrids compared to the inbred variety. Hum.Hered., 1989;39:271-5. [3]. 29, no. Business Solutions including all features. 92, no. Int. Thompson, LS. 47, no. The U.K. Biobank began in 2006 and helps scientists study the various contributions of genetic predisposition and environmental exposure to the development of diseases. (any currency can be selected). Originally, this variety was developed from the breeding line BR5778-21-2-3 and its duration of growth ranges from 140 to 145 days. 57, no. 19271936, 2008, (Chinese with English abstract). 42, pp. There were 41 animals with inbreeding of more than 25% percent. W.-B. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Z. Liang, Photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation and its translocation in inter-sub-specific hybrid rice, Acta Agronomica Sinica, vol. Chlorophyll a:b ratio of the flag leaf was higher in both the hybrids. In July 2022, the United Nations published its 2022 World Population Prospects, a biennially-updated database where key demographic indicators are estimated and projected worldwide down to the country level. Projections are highlighted in light yellow, and future figures are taken from the medium fertility variant. Table 1 The countries of Saudi Arabia and Pakistan have high rates of incest. ), 2.0 migrants / 1,000 population (2021 est. 4, pp. This result confirms the findings of Yan et al. Although the table is originally ranked by district population size, clicking the headers will allow the reader to sort the table. forms: { Chances of muscular atrophy are 18x higher. The area, production and yield of rice for the last 4 years are depicted in Fig. Hamamy, H.A. 178183, 2009. [85] An alternative local name for this language group is Hindki. [6] This meant that the total population of Pakistan in 2017 was 213,222,917. 7, pp. New York, Oxford University Press, New york, 1988, pp. So, the available information on photosynthetic capability of flag leaf, the roles of shoot reserve translocation, and postheading crop growth rate to higher grain yield of hybrid rice varieties are still controversial. [45][46][47] Majority of them were born in Pakistan within the last four decades and are ethnically Pashtuns, Tajiks, Uzbeks and others. The 2017 census showed an increasing share in Hinduism, mainly caused by a higher birth rate among the impoverished Hindus of Sindh province. 96, no. When you consider that there are 100 Arabs for every Jew, the fact that Jews have won 208 Nobel prizes (9 for peace), this provides a startling context to the figure. [3] The country's population structure is relatively young, with a median age of 19. Chlorophyll content reflects the intensity of plant photosynthetic capacity and the extent of leaf senescence [24]. DA 816. At the same time in its phonology it is radically different[80] (particularly in the lack of tones, the preservation of the voiced aspirates and the development of implosive consonants), and has important grammatical features in common with the Sindhi language spoken to the south. The Heera2 and BRRI hybrid dhan2 varieties had considerably larger sink and produced higher yield sink per unit leaf area over BRRI dhan45. 263271, 1998. 7. They are prohibited in certain parts of the world (e.g., North America) because of religious sanctions. This figure includes Pakistan's four provinces, Islamabad Capital Territory, Azad Kashmir, and Gilgit-Baltistan.Pakistan is the world's fifth-most populated country.. Cow-dung was applied 15 days before land preparation. An almost similar trend was found in the case of panicle numbers m2. In our series, this fact could not be proved. Punjabi is unusual among the Indo-Aryan languages and the broader Indo-European language family in its usage of lexical tone. Inbreeding significantly (P<0.01) affected birth and 60 days weight. Fig. However, the maximum LAI was recorded from Heera2 (6.36) at heading stage followed by BRRI hybrid dhan2 (5.94) while it was significantly lower in BRRI dhan45 (5.10) at 20 December planting of 2008-09. ); The following table shows how Pakistan has urbanised. A staff writer for All Thats Interesting, Marco Margaritoff has also published work at outlets including People, VICE, and Complex, covering everything from film to finance to technology. Risks in consanguineous marriages: An isonymic study. The word Hindko, commonly used to refer to a number of Indo-Aryan dialects spoken in the neighbourhood of Pashto, likely originally meant "the Indian language" (in contrast to Pashto). J. E. Sheehy, P. L. Mitchell, and A. PixabayLoc Yengo and the University of Queensland team looked at the homozygosity of each individuals genetic information. Chart. WebThe inbreeding factor can account for the epistemological myopia of Muslims, particularly Muslim criminals. Regression analysis indicated that birth weight (p<0.05), weaning weight A Birmingham study proved that the relationship of parents significantly and adversely affected the child, the total prevalence of congenital malformations and handicap of 9% in the consanguineous group (mainly Pakistanis settled in the UK) as compared to 3% in the general population. } They prepared the following estimates of demographic indicators in Pakistan for every year from 1950 to 2021, as well as projections for future decades. 103, no. Inbreeding doubles the chances of still birth, and increases the chance of death during labour by 50%. In July 2022, the United Nations published its 2022 World Population Prospects, a biennially-updated database where key demographic indicators are estimated and projected worldwide down to the country level. In the UK, where individual pedigree breed populations tend to be in greater numbers and the average inbreeding level is five to seven percent nationally, it is recommended that planned matings should be a maximum of 0.02 (CI 2 percent) to continue to improve breed diversity. One seedling (30 days old) was transplanted per hill maintaining 25cm 15cm spacing. Kobata et al. 3. of couples actually make such a marriage world-wide1. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the main food crop of more than one-half of the worlds population and grows worldwide. Reduction of chlorophyll content at 23 days after flowering compared to 2 days after flowering was 33 and 36% in hybrids and inbred, respectively. Because of this, Pakistan has a multicultural, multilinguistic, and multiethnic society. T. Horie, I. Lubis, T. Takai et al., Physiological traits associated with higher yield potential in rice, in Rice Science: Innovations and Impact for Livelihood: Proceedings of the International Rice Research Conference 16-19 September 2002, T. W. Mew, D. S. Brar, S. Peng, D. Dawe, and B. Hardy, Eds., pp. 11. The Middle East has a common practice of cousin marriage. Nearly all Pakistani Sunni Muslims belong to the Hanafi school, although there are some Hanbalis and Ahl-e-Hadees. Below a list showing Pakistan's twenty largest cities as of the 2017 census can be found, which not only shows the current populations of the cities, but also their growth rates and locations. its recurrence is high. 661672, 2010. The coefficient of inbreeding is highest in this series and lowest in U.S.A. (Table II). 4752, 1998. W.-G. Wu, H.-C. Zhang, Y.-F. Qian et al., Analysis on dry matter production characteristics of super hybrid rice, Rice Science, vol. As Mohammad is the authority on marriage, and Islam prevents marriage to non-muslims (but allows first cousin marriage), the gene pool is not receiving fresh genetic material, causing devastating social, human and societal problems. T. Lafarge and C. S. Bueno, Higher crop performance of rice hybrids than of elite inbreds in the tropics: 2. Rakshani is the major dialect group in terms of numbers. Leaf area index, chlorophyll status, and photosynthetic rate of flag leaf, postheading crop growth rate, shoot reserve translocation, source-sink relation and yield, and its attributes of each variety were comprehensively analyzed. 265268, 1997. Dry matter accumulation was steeper in Heera2 and BRRI hybrid dhan2 at early planting due to the low temperature induced-longer vegetative duration and efficient source activity. Consanguinity and reproductive health in Iraq. Islam et al. According to the World Factbook, Library of Congress, Oxford University, over 96% of the population of Pakistan is Muslim and the remaining 4% is Hindu, Christian, and others. A buffer (levee) of 0.5m, 0.5m, and 1.0m was kept in between subplots, main-plots, and blocks, respectively. Pakistan is the world's fifth-most populated country.[7]. The overall prevalence of congenital malformations in children of related parents was 40% (1530 out of 3820) and in non-related parents 26% (305 out of 1180) (p= 0.01).